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Abstract
There is increasing interest in the health and wellness benefits of herbs and botanicals. This is with good reason as
they might offer a natural safeguard against the development of certain conditions and be a putative treatment for some diseases. There are a growing number of studies reporting diuretic effects with traditional medicines. The aim of this article was to review these studies and identify which constituents promote diuresis (which we assessed on terms of urine excreted and urinary sodium excretion) and also to identify the research needs in this area. We identified a number of species and genuses reporting diuretic effects. Of these, the most promising, at the present time, are the following plants such as Ipomoea aquatica, Cynodon dacty Pers, Raphanus sativus Linn, Ecephorbia thymifolia Linn, Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf), Zea mays Linn, Lepidum sativum garden cress, Phoenix sylvestris, Moringa oleifera Lam, Chamaemulum nobile, Rubia cordifolia Linn, Lagerstroemia reginal:- (leaves), Citrullus vulgaris and Cucumis melo Linn. However, there the number of studies is limited and we recommend that further studies be conducted to confirm reported effects. Such evidence is needed to provide scientific credence to the folklore use of traditional medicines and even be helpful in the development of future medicines, treatments and treatment guidelines.

Key Words: Diuretics, Frusemide, Herbs, Diuretic Activity.

ABSTRACT
Erectile dysfunction (ED) or male impotence is defined as the inability of a man to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient for mutually satisfactory intercourse with his partner. Sexual health and function are important determinants of quality of life. To overcome the problem of sexual (or) erectile dysfunction various natural Aphrodisiac potentials are preferred. This review will discuss the current research done on the most popular natural aphrodisiacs and examine the weight of evidence to support the use of any of these substances to enhance sexual desire and function. A variety of natural aphrodisiac potentials are known to have a potential effect on the sexual functions, supporting older claims and offering new hopes. The available synthetic drugs and treatments have limited efficacy, unpleasant side effects and contraindications in certain disease conditions. The present review, describes the detail information about the major constituents and their medicinal importance found in naturally occurring plants, which are helpful to further development of pharmaceutical formulations.
Key Words: Erectile dysfunction, Male impotence, Aphrodisiac potentials, Herbal drugs.

ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease. It causes number of complications, like retinopathy, neuropathy and
peripheral vascular insufficiencies. The world wide prevalence of diabetes is expected to be more than 240 millions by the year 2010. In India more than 30 million people are with diabetes mellitus. There are lots of synthetic agents available to treat diabetes, but they have some undesirable side effects. Plant-based medicinal products have been known since ancient times and various medicinal plants and their products have been used to manage diabetes mellitus in the traditional medicinal systems of many countries in the world. Moreover, during the past few years many phytoconstituents which are responsible for antidiabetic activity have been isolated from the plant species. This review focuses mainly on selected plant species that have been reported for their antidiabetic properties using laboratory diabetic animal models in referred journals.
KEY WORDS: Diabetes mellitus, Medicinal plants, Antidiabetic, Herbal medicines.

ABSTRACT
Malonic Acid Bisisatin Hydrazones (VIa-i) have been synthesized by the condensation of malonohydrazide (V) with corresponding isatin derivatives (III) in alcohol. The intermediate malonohydrazide (V) was prepared by the reaction of diethylamalonate (IV) with hydrazine hydrate. All the title compounds (VI) were screened for anticancer activity using HBL-100 cell lines by MTT method and antibacterial activity against B. subtiliis, S.aureus, E.coli and P.vulgaris. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were established on the basis of elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral data.
Key words: Isatin, Anticancer Activity, Antibacterial Activity.

ABSTRACT
In ethnomedicinal practices the traditional healers use the roots of Ecbolium viride in the treatment of various ailments. Scientific information on their pharmacognosy is very scant. Scientific parameters are not yet available to identify the true plant material and to ensure its quality. Therefore the present work has been undertaken to establish preliminary phytochemical profile and the necessary pharmacognostic standards for evaluating the plant material. Various parameters like morphology, microscopy, powder analysis, fluorescence characteristics and physico-chemical constants of the roots were studied and the salient diagnostic features are documented. Obvious morphological features and the microscopic characteristics were found in the tissue structures of the roots, many diagnostic elements and preliminary phytochemical profile were found to be useful evidences for further scientific investigations of this medicinal plant.
KEY WORDS: Ecbolium viride, Ethnomedicine, Microscopy, Pharmacognostical Parameters, Preliminary Phytochemical.

ABSTRACT
In the traditional system of medicine, the whole plant oxalis corniculata (oxalidaceae) have been employed for treating anaemia, wounds, cancer, piles, abortifacient. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of oxalis corniculata on corticosterone induced memory impairment in male albino mice. Morris water maze test and passive shock avoidance paradigm were employed to test learning and memory. Two doses of methanolic extract of oxalis corniculata MEOC (200 and 400mg/kg P.O) were administered for 21 days in separate group of animals. The dose of MEOC (400mg/kg P.O) significantly improved learning and memory than the MEOC (200 mg/kg P.O). The chronic administration of corticosterone (5mg/kg) injection subcutaneously for inducing memory impairment in mice by damaging the hippocampus subregion CA3. The MEOC significantly reduced memory deficits in the mice by the facilitation of cholinergic transmission in mouse brain. However further studies are required to identify exact mechanism of action. In the present study, oxalis corniculata has showed potential memory enhancing agent in the laboratory models employed.
Key words: Oxalis corniculata, Memory, Learning, Hippocampus.

ABSTRACT
The leaves of Indigofera tinctoria traditionally used for epilepsy, nervous disorders, bronchitis and liver ailments. Previous studies have demonstrated that the methanolic extract of Indigofera tinctoria Linn (MEIT) was subjected to acute toxicity and screened for antiepileptic activity on Maximal Electroshock (MES) and Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced seizures models in albino wistar rats. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of MEIT on antioxidant enzymes in rat brain after induction of seizures by MES and PTZ. Aim of study was relationship between seizure activities and altered the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP), catalase and lipid peroxidation on rat brain. Superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase were decreased in rat brain due to seizure and it was restored significantly by administration of MEIT treated rats. Similar dose dependent results were obtained in PTZ model also. Whereas MEIT significantly decreased lipid peroxidation in both models. The anticonvulsant activity of methanolic extract of Indigofera tinctoria might be presents of antioxidant properties and it delays the generation of free radical in MES & PTZ induced epilepsy.
Keywords: Indigofera tinctoria, Antioxidant Enzymes, Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione Peroxidase, Catalase and Lipid
Peroxidation.

ABSTRACT
In this study the anti inflammatory activity of ethanolic extracts and it’s fractions of stem bark of Butea monosperma were evaluated in vitro on key enzymes of arachidonic acid cascade involved in the mediation of inflammation. The ethanolic extract inhibited the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes with an IC50 of 83μg mL-1 and 65μg mL-1 respectively and it inhibited the 5-LOX and 15-LOX enzymes with an IC50 of 80μg mL-1 and 95μg mL-1 respectively. Among the fractions of ethanolic extract, the acetone fraction showed more inhibition on COX-1(IC50 of 45μg mL-1), COX-2(IC50 of 35μg mL-1), 5- LOX (IC50 of 38μg mL-1) and 15-LOX (IC50 of 48μg mL-1) enzymes than the petroleum ether, benzene and chloroform fractions. Based on the in vitro studies data the in vivo anti inflammatory activity of ethanolic stem bark extract and the acetone fraction was evaluated by using acute inflammatory models like; carrageenan induced paw oedema and chronic models like; cotton-pellet induced granuloma and carrageenan induced air-pouch model in rats. The biochemical parameters like reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation and catalase were also estimated as supportive studies. The ethanolic extract and the acetone fraction significantly reduced inflammation in the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema, cotton-pellet induced granuloma and carrageenan induced air-pouch model in rats. Acute toxicity studies were performed initially in order to ascertain the safety of ethanolic stem bark extract and the acetone fraction. From the present study the ethanolic extract and the acetone fraction of Butea monosperma stem bark exhibited the anti-inflammatory effect by modulating cyclooxygenase enzymes and augmenting antioxidant defense system in the inflammation bearing rat.
Keywords: Butea monosperma, Cyclooxygenases, Lipoxygenases, Anti inflammatory activity; Antioxidants