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ABSTRACT Panchagavya, which is an important component of many rituals and Indian traditional systems, is an incredible source for many medicinal substances whose synergistic action has been reported but their scientific data are not available. The main objective is to investigate synergistic anthelmintic activity of panchagavya with ethanolic extract of Aloe barbedansis Mill (EEAB). Earthworms were divided into 11 groups & in each group, six earthworms were taken and they were treated with PG1, PG1+10% EEAB, PG1+50% EEAB & PG1+75% EEAB, PG2, PG2+10% EEAB, PG2+50% EEAB &PG2+75% EEAB, Control group with Cow Urine and Standard group with Piperazine Citrate ( 50 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml concentration) & investigated the role of different composition of Panchagavya and its ethanolic extract of Aloe barbedansis Mill (EEAB) (Xanthorrhoeceae) for synergistic anthelmintic activity. After drug administration, effect of PG 1 , PG 2 , PG 1 + EEAB (all composition) and PG 2 + EEAB (all composition) were found to be significant at the level p<0.01 as compared to Standard and Control group. The synergistic activity of PG with EEAB might be due to tannin which interferes with energy generation in helminth worm by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation. Effect of tannin might be potentiated in presence of PG. Other possible mechanism might be that presence of PG could potentiate binding of free protein in GIT of host animal and causes death. This work will open new avenue for the study of various preparations used in worship because this study has showed the synergistic anthelmintic activity. Further studies may reveal some more pharmacological activities like antinociceptive, anti-stress etc. This will give impetus for the study of various materials used in worship of God which will reveal the logic of materials used in worship.

Key Words:- Ethanolic extract of Aloe barbedansis Mill (EEAB), Anthelmintic activity, Panchagavya.

ABSTRACT Nanogels based materials have high drug loading capacity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability which are the key points to design a drug delivery system effectively. An intense of this study was to design a CURCUMA LONGA ethanolic extract loaded Nanogel and to evaluate the in-vitro release condition of the drug from the dosage form. Three different formulation of Nanogels were formulated by altering the cholesterol and polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentration. The Nanogel were evaluated for the surface morphology characteristics by SEM studies, particle size, poly dispersibility index (PDI), surface charge by zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in-vitro drug release studies. From the studies it was concluded that nanogel was a versatile drug delivery system for delivering an herbal drug in efficient manner.

Key Words:- Nanogel, Curcumin, in-vitro drug, Curcuma longa.

ABSTRACT

Indian herbal medicinal plants used from last several decade as a traditional and alternative medicine. In 21th and 22th centaury generation are becoming aware of the side effect and adverse reaction of synthetic drugs and so there is an increasing interest, Scope of innovate in herbal medicinal plants based branded, patent, Sashetra-oshadhi, proprietary Ayurvedic, Sidha, Unani (ASU.) herbal medicines for their natural effective standard quality medicated cure. But the adulteration and substitution in endangers and rare costly medicinal raw herbs are the burning problem in herbal pharmacy and modern pharmaceutical industry. It has caused a major treat in the research and development on commercial natural products. The deforestation of high altitude, interior forest areas and extinction for hill areas resort and hotel construction in interior forest. Resulted many high altitude endangered and rare costly original medicinal species such as are Vatsnabh, (Aconitum Chasmanthum stap fex. Haimes), Ativisha or Atis, (Aconitum heterophylum Wall.Ex.Royal), Kutki, (Picrorhiza kurroa royleex), Kuth or Kustha, (Saussurea lappa C.B.CL.), Puskarmool, (Inula racemosa Hook.F.), Riddhi, (Ho benariaintemedia D.Don), Vriddhi, (Habenaria edgeworthii Hook.f.ex.Collett ), Kakoli, (Roseea purpurrea Smith), Kshirakakoli, (Fritillaria roylei Hook) and (Lilium polyphyllum D.Don), Jeevak, (Crepipium acuminatum D.Don.)Szlach.), Meda, (Polygonatum verticillatum (Linn.) Allioni), Mahameda, (Polygonatum cirrhifolium (wall.) Royal) and (Polygonatum Verte cillatum Alloi), Rakta Chandana, Sandal Surkh, (Pterocarpus santalinus Linn.), Sveta Chandana, Sandal Safed, (Santalum album Linn.), Kesar, Keshar or KumKum, Zafran, (Crocus sativus Linn.) etc. completely endangered and incorrect identification intestinally or unintentionally of many endangered and costly, ASU. herbal medicinal plants of India has effectively adulterated and substituted in condition. In the present communication research review has investigates and reported with their active phytochemical constituents, taxonomical as well as extensive ethnobotanical authentication in selective several endangered and costly medicinal plants.

Key Words:- Adulteration, Substitution, intestinally or unintentionally endangered, costly, spurious, Ayurvedic, Sidha, Unani (ASU.).

ABSTRACT

Objective of the present study to evaluate the in-vivo anti-oxidant potential of ethanolic and aqueous extract of Oldenlandia umbellata and Oldenlandia corymbosa on chromium induced oxidative stress in albino rats. Animals were treated with plant extracts for28 days and then oxidative stress was induced with a single dose of chromium 30mg/kg. Treated with 200mg /kg (p.o) of various extracts of Oldenlandia umbellata &Oldelandia corymbosa and Glutathione, SOD, Catalase peroxidase and transaminase enzyme levels were determined. The present study revealed that the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Oldenlandia umbellata and Oldenlandia corymbosa have significant invivo anti-oxidant activity and can be used to prevent tissues from oxidative stress .The result showed that the activities of glutathione, SOD, Catalase, peroxidase & transaminase enzymes in group treated with chromium declined significantly than that of compared with controlled group. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Oldenlandia umbellata and Oldenlandia corymbosa in the dose of 200mg /kg (p.o), have improved the glutathione, SOD, Catalase, peroxidase & transaminase enzyme levels significantly, which were comparable with Vit-E. Based on this study we conclude that ethanolic and aqueous extracts of O.U &O.C possesses in vivo antioxidant activity can be employed in protecting tissue from oxidative stress as compared with standard. However, further studies are required to establish its exact mode of action and the active principles involved in its anti-oxidant activity.

Key Words:- Oldenlandia umbellata &Oldelandia corymbosa, In-vivo Anti-oxidant Activity, Glutathione, SOD, Catalase, Peroxidase & Transaminase Enzyme.

ABSTRACT

The present study was conducted in order to increase the production of some Secondary metabolic compounds (essential oils) of Marigold plant Calendula officinalis L. In Vitro. Secondary metabolic compounds quantitative and qualitative analysis using chromatography device with high performance liquid HPLC and compared with the mother plant. In order to increase the production of secondary metabolites, (AgNO₃) nanoparticales used with concentrations (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2) mg/l. The results showed that the (1.2 mg/l) concentration (AgNO₃) NPs led to high significant in all the essential oils of C. officinalis L.

 Key Words:- Calendula officinalis L., essential oils, AgNO₃ NPs.

ABSTRACT This is a case of Pneumococcal meningitis observed in a 36 year old male patient. His current prescription when reviewed by the clinical pharmacist was found to be irrational and on further follow up the disease was found to be progressing. Drugs irrationally used in this case are Dexamethasone and Mannitol, ADR (constipation) of ondansetron was ruled out using Naranjo causality assessment and WHO scales by which the ADR was categorized under probable. Interventions were made by providing suitable authenticated references to the physician and as a quote of acceptance physician changed the treatment regimen. This shows the importance of clinical pharmacist in promoting rational use of drugs.

Key Words:- Pneumococcal meningitis, Dexamethasone, Mannitol, Intervention.

ABSTRACT

The present research article reports a validated visible spectrophotometric method for the estimation of mifepristone in commercial samples (tablets). The proposed method is based on the colour reaction between Cr(VI) and mifepristone in the pH range 1.0-5.0 forming a yellow coloured complex. This colour reaction is exploited for the development of a visible spectrophotometric procedure for the determination of mifepristone. The absorption spectrum of the complex shows a maximum absorbance at 430nm. pH 2.0 is selected for analytical studies. The absorbance of the complex varied linearly with the amount of mifepristone. The straight line relation between absorbance and amount of mifepristone obeys the equation A = 0.0080C- 0.0001. The linear plot indicates that Beer’s law is obeyed in the range 10.0-100.0 μg/ml of mifepristone. The molar absorptivity and sandell’s sensitivity are 3.558×103 l mol-1 cm-1 and 0.1207 μg cm-2 respectively. The standard deviation of the method for ten determinations of 30 μg/ml mifepristone is 0.0026. The correlation coefficient () of the experimental data of the calibration plot is 0.9997. The proposed spectrophotometric method was validated according to ICH specifications such as, linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD, LOQ and ruggedness were studied. The method was applied for the assay of mifepristone in dosage forms.

Key Words:- Mifepristone, Cr(VI), Visible Spectrophotometry, Method validation.

ABSTRACT

The unrestricted access to prescription and non-prescription products has led to the growing number of pharmaceuticals in the homes most of them expired and unsafe. No information on the safety of taking expired drug has been published. This study was designed to determine the level of home-stocked medicines and the number of young children in the community as a measure of the population’s vulnerability to accidental poisoning from expired and leftover medicines in the home. A cross section of the community consisting of 210 households were recruited and interviewed using a questionnaire instrument structured for semi in-depth interviews. Identified medicine items were recorded and categorised. One third of the community population was found to be younger children 0 – 5years old who are at risk of accidental drug poisoning. A total of 342 medicine items were found in 210 households with 39% of them expired. Parental educational level and employment status did not significantly influence the keeping of expired drugs in the home.

Key Words:- Expired/leftover medicines, Household, Children, Accidental drug poisoning.

ABSTRACT

This review describes the morphological, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Michelia alba (Magnoliaceae). The genus Michelia (Magnoliaceae) consists of approximately 30 species. Michelia alba D.C. is a tall tree native to Indonesia and has been used by the native Malays in Indonesia and Malaysia for medicinal purposes. The tree producing these flowers ranges from 10 to 15 meters in height and can grow up to 20 meters if cultivated in a high-moisture area. Cracks in the stem bark are in a reticulated pattern along the trunk. Michelia alba is an annual flowering plant; generally the flowers begin to bloom in the evening, with their scent becoming widespread; the scent begins to fade in the afternoon. Gardeners usually collect the flowers twice a day: at night and at dawn. This plant was used for the treatment of fever, syphilis, gonorrhea and malaria, and was regarded traditionally as an abortive agent. The present paper enumerates an overview of phytochemical composition and pharmacological aspects that is useful to researchers for further exploration for necessary development of this potential herb.

Key Words: - Michelia alba, Magnoliaceae, Phytochemical, Pharmacological Properties.

ABSTRACT

Ziprasidone Hydrochloride, a Class II drug is an atypical antipsychotic agent, which is poorly water soluble with only 60% bioavailability. In present study attempt has been made to prepare Ziprasidone Hydrochloride fast disintegrating dissolving tablets. For enhancing solubility of drug, inclusion complexes of drug were prepared using BCD and Kyron T-314. These complexes were characterized by solubility study, differential scanning calorimetry and X- ray diffractometry. To aid in faster disintegration of tablets, superdisintegrant in different proportions were used and their effect on disintegration was studied. The inclusion complexes with HPBCD prepared by microwave method exhibited highest enhancement in solubility (0.024g/100ml) and also showed fastest dissolution profile (100% drug release in 5 min.). So this complex was worked further for formulation of Ziprasidone Hydrochloride fast disintegrating/ dissolving tablets. Among the tablet formulations prepared using different superdisintegrants, those with 5 % w/w Polyplasdone showed the lowest disintegration time (21 sec.) and fastest dissolution profile.

Key Words:- Ziprasidone Hydrochloride, BCD, Kyron T-314, Directly Compressible Manitol, Polyethylene Glycol.