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During the past decade, major improvements in the management of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) patients have reduced AMI-related mortality by 50% in developed countries. Specifically, the introduction of intensive care units in the 1960s, improvement in pharmacologic reperfusion in the 1980s, and the widespread availability of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the 1990s have markedly reduced in-hospital mortality from AMI over the past 15 years. Furthermore, the near-universal acceptance and prompt application of antiplatelet agents, β-adrenergic blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and statins after an AMI have contributed to the improvement in long-term survival among AMI patients. Still, these great strides cannot diminish the impact of MI. First, the number of at-risk patients (e.g., genetic predisposition, smoking, poor dietary habits, or physical inactivity) is enormous and continues to increase, especially the population of diabetics, elderly patients, and other individuals with metabolic syndrome. One such case with high risk and in need of Coronary Bypass Grafting (CABG) has been treated by Dr. Appa Rao’s Immunonutritive therapy and the result was beneficial to the patient. Patient was followed for a year and was found to be healthy. Key Words:- Coronary artery disease, Immunonutritive therapy.

Soft tissue sarcomas can develop from soft tissues like fat, muscle, nerves, fibrous tissues, blood vessels, or deep skin tissues. They can be found in any part of the body. Most of them develop in the arms or legs. They can also be found in the trunk, head and neck area, internal organs, and the area in back of the abdominal cavity (known as the retroperitoneum). Sarcomas are not common tumors, and most cancers are the type of tumors called carcinomas. Soft tissues include muscles, tendons, fat, fibrous tissue, synovial tissue, vessels, and nerves. Approximately 60% of soft tissue sarcomas arise in the extremities, with the lower extremities involved three times as often as the upper extremities. Thirty percent arise in the trunk, the retroperitoneum accounting for 40% of all trunk lesions. The remaining 10% arise in the head and neck. Malignant transformation of a benign soft tissue tumor is extremely rare, with the exception that malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (neurofibrosarcoma, malignant schwannoma) can arise from neurofibromas in patients with neurofibromatosis. The most common presentation is an asymptomatic mass. Mechanical symptoms referable to pressure, traction, or entrapment of nerves or muscles may be present. All new and persistent or growing masses should be biopsied, either by a cutting needle (core-needle biopsy) or by a small incision, placed so that it can be encompassed in the subsequent excision without compromising a definitive resection. Lymph node metastases occur in 5%, except in synovial and epithelioid sarcomas, clear-cell sarcoma (melanoma of the soft parts), angiosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma, where nodal spread may be seen in 17%. The pulmonary parenchyma is the most common site of metastases. Exceptions are GISTs, which metastasize to the liver; myxoid liposarcomas, which seek fatty tissue: and clear-cell sarcomas, which may metastasize to bones. Central nervous system metastases are rare, except in alveolar soft part sarcoma. One such case of soft tissue sarcoma has been treated by Dr. Appa Rao’s Immunonutritive therapy and the result was beneficial to the patient. Patient was followed for a year and was found to be healthy. Key Words:- Soft tissue sarcoma, Immunonutritive therapy.

The present study concerns the development of a new dosage form of captopril using the concepts of sustained release and mucoadhesion. Such a system has the advantage of controlling and prolonging the release of the drug by remaining in the stomach for a longer period of time. In the present study microspheres of captopril were prepared using a combination of polymers and different methods. The drug, captopril is selected owing to its water solubility and short half-life. A set of microspheres of captopril were prepared using a mixture of polymers, chitosan and HPMC using the technique of phase separation emulsion technique. Another set of microspheres was prepared with a combination of polymers such as chitosan, sodium alginate and HPMC. The method of preparation was ionic gelation. The prepared microspheres were then evaluated for drug content, particle size analysis, in-vitro drug release, mucoadhesion and stability studies. The SEM studies showed that the prepared microspheres were discrete and spherical in shape. The drug content of the first set of microspheres ranged between 70.3 and 77.4% and that of the second set of microspheres was between 73.6 and 79.6%. The formulations were studied for mucoadhesion and all the formulations showed good mucoadhesion. The drug release pattern for the formulations was slow and prolonged over a period of time. Key Words: - Captopril, Controlled Release, Ionic Gelation, Microcapsules, Mucoadhesion And Oral Drug Delivery Systems, Sodium Alginate, HPMC and Chitosan.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of increasing age and Cancer results from uncontrolled proliferation of cells,both of which have a negative impact on quality of life and expectancy .Many risk factors contribute to an inverse relationship between Alzheimer’s and Cancer. Previous case-control and cross-sectional studies have reported that there exists an inverse relationship between cancer and dementia of the Alzheimer’s type (DAT).It has been reported that the occurrence or prevalence of cancer among individuals with Alzheimer’s is comparatively less than its occurrence in nondemented individuals. Conversely, adults of increasing age with a history of cancer may develop Alzheimer’s disease(AD) at a rate slower than individuals without cancer history. This hypothesis establishes an inverse relationship between Alzheimer’s disease and Cancer. Many factors that are upregulated in any type of cancer to sustain growth and survival of cells are however downregulated in Alzheimer’s disease leading to neuronal degeneration. The main objective of this review is to bring together various aspects that are related to cancer and Alzheimer’s. Further to stimulate severe investigations to reveal the inverse association between these two major diseases and improve therapeutic targets at the molecular level.Key Words :- Dementia of Alzheimer’s type, neoplasia, neurodegeneration, cognition, transcription, telomerase.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the inability of a man to achieve or maintain erection for required time for intercourse. Sexual activity is one of the main function for maintaining god quality of life. Treatment approaches of ED includes both pharmacological therapy and non-pharmacological therapy. Pharmacologically specific class of drugs like PDE 5 inhibitors and non-pharmacological approach, which includes use of aphrodisiac potentials and other therapies like sex therapy, vacuum erection device therapy, surgical procedures are available. PDE5 inhibitors include the drugs like avanafil, sildenafil citrate, tadalafil and vardenafil. The present review, describes the detail information about the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of PDE5 inhibitors. A detailed comparison and differentiation between each drug of the class (PDE5 inhibitors) with their adverse effects, contraindication, precautions, and alternative treatment approaches for ED. And also the non-pharmacological approaches with their adverse effects and contraindication.Key Words:- Erectile dysfunction, PDE 5 inhibitors, Non-pharmacological therapy.Access this article onlineHome page:http://ijptjournal.com/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijpt.2017.8.4.5Quick Response codeReceived:25.07.17Revised:12.07.17Accepted:15.08.17Corresponding AuthorPranathi Reddy RPharm. D, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sri Venkateshwara College of Pharmacy, RVS Nagar, Chittoor 517127, Andhra Pradesh, India.Email:- pranathi346@gmail.comINTRODUCTIONErectile dysfunction (ED) is a sexual dysfunction, when it is hard to get or keep an erection firm to have an intercourse (anonymous 1) which results from health or emotional problems or from both. As many as 152 million men all over the world where reportedly affected with ED. It is common and men experience it one or the other time, but considered as

While optimizing the topical drug delivery, vesicular system (liposomes and niosomes) appear as upcoming development. Gel system showed topical delivery with higher transdermal flux and higher skin deposition and became an attractive option as it has several desirable advantages. Naloxone is shown to have antifungal activity. It’s oral dose is high i.e. 20-200 mg a day and use is limited because of poor intestinal absorption (35%), elimination half life (24 hours) and adverse effects such as Arrhythmia, cardio respiratory arrest, tachycardia, Headache. Hence with the need to modify its route of administration, Gel system containing Naloxone was prepared, characterized and studied for drug release. To confirm the presence of vesicular structure, formulations were visualized under microscope at different magnified fields, which showed presence of lipid bilayer as well as spherical structure of vesicles. Using the same microscopic method and special software “particle size analysis”, size of vesicle was determined for sonicated . Vesicular size was found to be in the range of 0 – 5.483 μm. Vesicular size was reduced up to 3 folds by sonication. After confirmation regarding existence of vesicles and their size, drug entrapped by vesicular system was evaluated by ultra centrifugation. Sonicated particles containing 30% w/w ethanol showed higher value i.e. 96.42%. In-vitro release was carried out using dialysis membrane. The values of drug release were F1 (20% alcohol) 76.89%, F2 (20% alcohol) 82.31%, F3 (20% alcohol) 73.62,F4 (30% alcohol) 96.42%, F5 (40% alcohol) 72.09%, F6 (50% alcohol) 72.56%. The order of drug release was found to be first order for all the formulations. Percentage drug accumulation into skin was also found to be maximum by the gel containing 30 % w/w ethanol and 3% lecithin which showed effective subdermal deposition and indicated better subdermal action for hypertension. With these findings it can be summarized that Naloxone gel are promising systems in topical drug delivery for treatment of hypertension.Key Words:-Transdermal patches, Nalaxone, Emulgel.

The main objective of this study is that the release rate of drug from the buccal tablets can be governed by the polymer and concentration of the polymer employed in the preparation of tablets. Regulated drug release in first order manner attained in the current study indicates that the hydrophilic matrix tablets of Naratriptan was prepared by using Carbopol 934 and HPMC K100 can successfully be employed as a buccoadhesive controlled released during delivery system. The precompression blends for all formulations were subjected to various evaluation parameters and the results were found to be within limits. The post compression parameters for all the formulations also found to be within limits. Slow, controlled and complete release of Naratriptan over a period of 9 hours was obtained from matrix tablets formulated employing HPMC K 100 (F5 formulation) with 97.62 % drug release.Key Words:-Naratriptan, Buccoadhesive, Migraine.

Oral ingestion has long been the most convenient and commonly employed route of drug delivery due to its ease of administration. It is well known that modified release dosage forms may offer one or more advantages over immediate release formulations of the same drug. There are many ways to design modified release dosage forms for oral administration; from film coated pellets, tablets or capsules to more sophisticated and complicated delivery systems such as osmotically driven systems, systems controlled by ion exchange mechanism, systems using three dimensional printing technology and systems using electrostatic deposition technology. The design of modified release drug product is usually intended to optimize a therapeutic regimen by providing slow and continuous delivery of drug over the entire dosing interval whilst also providing greater patient compliance and convenience. The most common controlled delivery system has been the matrix type such as tablets and granules where the drug is uniformly dissolved or dispersed throughout the polymer, because of its effectiveness, low cost, ease of manufacturing and prolonged delivery time period.Key Words:- Modified release dosage forms, Metformin, Ezetimibe.

There are hundreds of Ayurvedic and herbal products in the market sold under the banner of various spiritual leaders. Common public believe on the attractive advertisements and get impressed to use such products. Even though the products are prepared and marketed by the experts of reputed spiritual Gurus, the research and development work is limited. In the present investigations Shakti Drops® a formulation of Sri Sri Ayurveda was tested for its beneficial effects in liver, kidney, pancreas, spleen and cerebral cortex of Swiss albino mice Mus musculus. The animals were supplemented with Shakti drops® twice a day for three months at a dosage of 6µl/ kg body weight. There was a decrease in the lipid peroxidation in Shakti drops® treated group as compared to sham control. The difference was significant in the cerebral cortex and nonsignificant in other organs. There was a significant increase in the activity of antioxidant enzyme: superoxide dismutase in the spleen and pancreas of Shakti drops® treated group as compared to sham control. The catalase activity was significantly increased only in the pancreas of Shakti drops® treated group.